* Continued. Beginning in No. 12 for 1998 The coalition nature of military peacemaking A peacekeeping operation in its organization and conduct, as well as in the composition of its participants, is, as a rule, "united" (synonym - "joint"), i.e. multinational and multicomponent (according to the branches of the armed forces, national and departmental affiliation of the involved law enforcement agencies and civilian bodies, international and regional institutions (institutions), non-governmental or non-governmental organizations). The multinational, coalition composition of military forces is one of the hallmarks of a"joint operation". This is a special feature of the Council of Europe,which, in our opinion, should appeal to the UN structures involved in peacekeeping. First, coalitionism as a sign of internationality symbolizes that this operation, despite military troubles for the warring parties, is carried out at the will of all (or most) members of the world community of nations. Secondly, the anonymity of the most sharp and painful military actions of "forcing peace" for the warring parties is preserved (such as the" surgical " strikes of NATO aircraft on Bosnian Serb positions during the May and August 1995 exacerbations of the conflict in the Balkans). It is obvious that the combat core of the peacekeeping forces are the contingents of the regular armed forces of the States participating in a particular peacekeeping process (operation). It should be recognized that the command, headquarters and troops of the Joint Armed Forces of NATO are the most trained for the role of military peacekeepers today. (Recently, for example, the US Armed Forces have adopted a number of special charters: FM 100-23 "Peacekeeping operations", FM 100-200 "Operations other than war", an addition to the main charter of FM 100-5.) The CIS peacekeeping force contingent is a matter for the future. The Russian Armed Forces, in fact, are the only ones in the post-Soviet space, gaining much ... Читать далее