From September 15 to 19, 2014, the XXIV Scientific Conference " Man and Nature. Problems of Socio-Natural History", organized by the journal "History and Modernity", the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Ecological Soil Science of Moscow State University, the Institute of Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Central Museum of Taurida, the Karadag Nature Reserve, the Sudak City Council with the participation of the V. I. Vernadsky Federal University and the Crimean Engineering and Pedagogical University.

Three collections of articles were published for the conference: Kulpin E. S. Crimean Tatars and Challenges of the XXI century. Collection of articles. Simferopol: TI "ARIAL", 2014; Kulpin-Gubaidullin E. S. Sotsioestvennaya istoriya [Socio-natural history]. From method to theory, from theory to practice. Volgograd: Uchitel ' Publ., 2014; Priroda i obshchestvo v epokhu peremeniy [Nature and society in the era of change]. Ed. by E. S. Kulpin-Gubaidullin (ser. "Socio-natural history. Genesis of Natural and Social Crises in Russia". Issue XXXVIII). Moscow: Energiya Publ., 2014 (co-editor: E. A. Borisova).

At the request of the city administration, the grand opening of the conference was held in the Sudak City Council.

The organizing committee accepted more than 50 reports written by historians, sociologists, biologists, philosophers, psychologists, mathematicians, and physicists. Most of the reports corresponded to the authors 'articles published in the journal" History and Modernity "in 2013-2014 and the collection of the series" Socio-natural History "for 2014" Nature and Society in the era of change". Traditionally, published materials are not read out, but discussed. This includes articles written by participants who, for one reason or another, did not have the opportunity to attend the conference in person. This system allows speakers to focus on the main points and detailed explanations of illustrative material, and disputants-to enter into discussions and what is published.

The conference was opened with a report by E. S. Kulpin-Gubaidullin. A total of 27 reports were heard and discussed, divided into three topics: 1) Crimea: history and modernity; 2) the era of change and methods of its study; 3) nature and history of civilizations.

A. A. Burkhanov (PFSU, Kazan) in his report "Some problems and tasks of studying and preserving the historical, cultural and natural heritage of Crimea " focused on the changing conditions after the annexation of Crimea to Russia. M. G. Kramarovsky (Hermitage, St. Petersburg) highlighted the complex issues of the relationship between Crimea and Anatolia in the Middle Ages. A team of biologists N. O. Kovalev, E. M. Stolpnikov, and I. V. Kovalev (Institute of Ecological Soil Science of Moscow State University) presented the results of the research "The Riddle of water supply in medieval Crimean cities". S. A. Efimov (Central Museum of Taurida, Simferopol) demonstrated the changes in the administrative-territorial organization in the Crimea in the XX century on maps. L. P. Mironova (Karadag Nature Reserve, Feodosia) analyzed the genesis of socio-ecological problems of the south-eastern Crimea and ways to solve them.

E. S. Kulpin-Gubaidullin considered the phenomenon of Crimea's annexation to Russia from the perspective of socio-natural history; A. V. Malgin, Director of the Central Museum of Taurida (Simferopol), spoke about the socio-political processes in Crimea and Ukraine; A. R. Vyatkin (Institute of History of the Russian Academy of Sciences) devoted a report to the history of the Crimean Tatars, The head of the public organization "Revival of Crimea in New Realities" Shevket Mustafayev outlined the current situation on the peninsula; L. M. Smirnov (Psychological Institute of the Russian Academy of Education) read the report "The reaction of the public unconscious to the return of Crimea to Russia".

I. O. Kovaleva (Institute of Ecological Soil Science, Moscow State University) made a report on the topic" The Era of Change and methods of studying it"; S. Y. Meshkova (Military Academy, Moscow) made a report on" Features of modern Russian policy on ecology"; S. Y. Meshkova (Military Academy, Moscow)"Modernization processes: modeling and forecasting". I. A. Khaliy, an employee of the Institute of Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, devoted her research to the ecological consciousness of the population of modern Russia; O. V. Aksenova (Institute of Sociology) to the risk factor as a condition of existence; N. V. Levchenko (post-graduate student) to the influence of citizens on the management system.

V. L. Dyachkov (Tambov State University) spoke about demography during the Civil War. The report of E. A. Borisova (IB RAS) was devoted to China's environmental policy and water resources.

On the topic "Nature and history of civilizations", the following reports were discussed: "Syrdarya-Amudarya and Volga-Ural regions as contact zones of cultural traditions in Eurasia" (A. A. Burkhanov); "Nomadic and settled-agricultural factors in the culture of medieval Eastern Tatarstan (based on historical and archaeological research)" (A. A. Burkhanov I. R. Nigamatzyanov, both PFSU, Kazan); "Naturalistic understanding of history in traditional China "( A. I. Kobzev, IV RAS); "Nature and Modernization in Russia" (E. S. Kulpin-Gubaidullin); "Dynamics of agricultural land in Russia in the XX century (1897-2012): natural, demographic and socio-cultural factors" (D. I. Lurie, Institute of Geography of the Russian Academy of Sciences); "Nature and Railways of Japan "(I. Yu. Avdakov, IV RAS); "Geomancy of Vladivostok on the Korean" Map of Russia " of the XIX century "(S. Y. Vradiy, Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Peoples of the Far East, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok); "Problems of historical geography of the Kazan Khanate ser. XV-XVI centuries "(R. G. Gallyam, Institute of History of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan); "On the synergism of falling fertility in periods of major wars" (V. L. Dyachkov, TSU named after V. A. Shishkin). R. G. Derzhavina); "Preliminary results of research on the socio-natural history of Kashmir "(A. I. Kogan, Institute of Geography of the Russian Academy of Sciences); "Plague in the Central Chernozem regions of Russia in the XVIII-XIX centuries" (S. K. Kostovska, V. O. Stulyshapku, oba-Institute of Geography of the Russian Academy of Sciences).

The scientific and cultural program included visits to a number of museums-reserves: the medieval complex of Muslim architecture in Solkhat (Old Crimea), the medieval Armenian monastery of Surb Khach, the Genoese fortress in Sudak, the Karadag Nature Reserve (participants followed the ecological path of the reserve with a lecture tour), the Novy Svet nature Reserve, and a permanent historical and archaeological expedition The Hermitage Museum in the Old Crimea (Solkhat).

The head of the expedition in the Old Crimea - the keeper of Oriental antiquities of the Hermitage Mark Kramarovsky acquainted the conference participants with the results of the 2014 field season, organized a visit to the restored and functioning medieval Uzbek Mosque-

khan, reconstruction of a medieval madrasah with a lecture on the history of the mosque, madrasah, the course of excavations. Some of the conference participants visited the museum - reserve-the medieval Armenian monastery of Surb-Khach (in the vicinity of the Old Crimea). One field meeting was held in the Karadag Nature Reserve with the participation of reserve staff.

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Keeping the tradition of discussing theoretical problems of the relationship between nature and society, this conference focused on solving a number of practical problems. The conference is the coordinator of research in the field of socio-natural history, the actual informal organizer of which is the Scientific Council on Problems of Socio-Natural History at the Institute of Natural History of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the editorial board of the journal "History and Modernity". The Board and editorial board are composed of scientists working in various departments, cities, and countries. In addition to the function of general coordination of research, the conference serves as the only place for the annual meeting of social scientists - all those who are somehow connected with the development of an interdisciplinary scientific direction, a place to discuss individual and joint projects implemented through various scientific foundations and the results of final and ongoing research. Crimean scientists are members of both the Scientific Council on Socio-natural History and the Editorial Board of the journal "History and Modernity". Due to the entry of the Republic of Crimea into the Russian Federation, the Crimean colleagues had scientific problems with the prospects for development in the new conditions and organizational ones related to the discrepancy between the departmental structures of Ukraine and Russia and, hence, with the choice of moving to certain Russian departments. In this context, the conference held a number of working scientific and practical, scientific and organizational meetings in parallel with the scientific sessions, focusing on the problems of the south-eastern Crimea-the traditional conference venue and the location of two of its permanent participants-the Karadag Nature Reserve and the permanent archaeological expedition of the Hermitage in the Old Crimea.

After discussing the history, functions and opportunities of the Karadag Nature Reserve, as well as its prospects in different departments - the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Ministry of Natural Resources, the Ministry of Forestry, etc. - the meeting came to an agreed decision on the desirability of the nature reserve joining the structure of the Lomonosov Moscow State University. This is the only way to preserve the entire range of existing functions of the reserve - scientific, educational, and socio-cultural. This decision has another important positive aspect, which is hardly achievable with other options: if the reserve serves as a research and production laboratory of the main research university of the country, it will be the greatest possible contribution to the development of the country in the field of professional and ideological environmental education and education of future generations. With a different departmental subordination of the reserve, some of its current functions will be lost, in some cases irrevocably, and potential opportunities will not be realized. The conference participants, including the reserve's scientific staff, decided to promote the Karadag Nature Reserve, formerly under the jurisdiction of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, to the best of their ability to become a part of the Moscow State University.

The second topic of the workshops was the possibilities of scientific and cultural development of the south-eastern Crimea. South-eastern Crimea, which for a long time was the "far corner" of the peninsula, now, when the Kerch-Simferopol highway has turned from a secondary one into the main highway in the life of the republic, becomes the "main entrance" of Taurida from Russia, which, thanks to logistics, will provide it with incomparably greater popularity. South-eastern Crimea is a small territory where the main unique natural and historical and cultural sites are located just a few kilometers away from each other and are perceived by older generations of the Russian intelligentsia as one inseparable whole. These include: the Karadag natural area, celebrated by the artist and poet M. Voloshin and his numerous guests-the elite of the Russian intelligentsia; the literary and artistic house-museum of M. Voloshin in Koktebel; the house-museum of A. Green in the Old Crimea, mosques and madrassas in need of serious and costly reconstruction, caravanserais of medieval Solkhat. Muslim and Christian architectural monuments of the Golden Horde era - monuments of world significance-

buildings that were only partially reconstructed were in a state of ruins in Ukraine and have not yet been combined, as it should have been logically, into a historical and architectural museum-reserve. Now there is an opportunity not to stop at the minimum program and combine different cultural monuments together, create a territorial historical, cultural and natural museum-reserve "South-Eastern Crimea". In such an association, a number of divisions are possible, but first of all, the Scientific and Practical Center of the region, which at a new organizational and financial level will carry out the systematization, inventory and preservation of artifacts of the Hermitage archaeological expedition, which has been headed by Professor M. G. Kramarovsky for 35 years.

The third topic of the workshops, which continued even after the official closing of the conference, was the organization of a sociological survey of the Crimean Tatar population of the peninsula in continuation of a similar sample survey in 1992-1997 in the south-eastern Crimea, carried out by employees of the Institute of Information Technology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Now it is necessary to involve students of the Crimean Engineering and Pedagogical University under the guidance of employees of the Institute of Information Technology of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the survey of a much larger number of respondents. It should cover the population of mono-ethnic settlements in Simferopol and its environs, which significantly exceeds the number of respondents in the 1990s.

To promote the implementation of the conference's decisions, a working group led by E. S. Kulpin-Gubaidullin, N. O. Kovaleva and A.V. Malgin was created during the discussion of the problems.

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